Sugarbeet

Egypt

The Diagnosis of Mineral Deficiencies in Sugarbeet

 

1- Nitrogen Deficiency

  • Growth small
  • Foliage pale green,
  • Older leaves yellow and die early


2- Phosphorus deficiency

  • Leaves dull
  •  lusterless green
  •  with occasional slight bronzing and purple spotting near margins


3- Calcium Deficiency

 

  • Forward rolling of leaves and Ragged
  • Leaves curled forward
  • Margins scorched and ragged
  • Hooking of young leaves, followed by death of growing point
  • Advanced stage of acute deficiency  , Older leaves marginal scorch

 -


Sugar Beet Seed Stem

  • Hooking of young leaves
  • Death of growing point
  • and failure to blossom.


Calcium deficiency (soil acidity complex)

a- Sugar Beet(left) and Mangold(right) Roots

  • Forking and turning of roots in acid subsoil layer



b-Sugar Beet Plant

  • Leaf margins slightly pale
  • curled forward
  • and scorched.


4- Magnesium deficiency

Sugar Beet Leaves

  • Intervenal chlorosis
  •  beginning at margins
  • and progressing towards midrib
  •  chlorosis followed by marginal and intervenal necrosis

-


5- Potassium deficiency

·        Leaves narrow

·        Older leaves marginal

·        and intervenal scorch

·        They wither and collapse around plant.

·        Showing longitudinal lesions of petioles and midribs.

·        Older leaves severe marginal

·         intervenal browning and scorch

·        They shrivel and hang down limply

- -


6- Iron deficiency

·        Young leaves fine chlorotic mottling

·         later general chlorosis.

-


7- Manganese deficiency

·        Leaves severe "Speckled Yellows"

·        and leaf margins curled forward

-

Manganese toxicity (Soil acidity complex)

  • Leaves strong chlorotic mottling.131
  • Effects differ from manganese deficiency in growth habit of leaves


8- Aluminium toxicity (Soil acidity complex)

·        Growth stunted

·        Leaves dull green,

·        often with small necrotic areas near tips and margins

·        .Similar to phosphorus deficiency

·        Aluminium stops cell division during the "S Stage".  

 


9- Boron deficiency


Young Sugar Beet Plant

  • Small and distorted crown leaves.
  • Early stage of boron deficiency
  • Young leaves distorted and fail to develop (expand)  

 

 

Sugar Beet, Old Plant

  • Old leaves scorched and wilted, cluster of young crown leaves.
  • Old leaves wilted, wilted, scorched and show patches of yellow pigment.
  • Original crown leaves have died, followed by development of numerous small misshapen leaves from secondary growing points.

 

Sugar Beet Plant

  • "Crown Rot" and death and distortion of young leaves
  • older leaves cracking and distortion of laminae
  •  yellow pigment formation and severe marginal scorch.

10- Chromium (as chromate) toxicity

·        Growth stunted

·        younger leaves show chlorotic iron deficiency symptoms

·        followed by severe intervenal necrosis


11- Cobalt toxicity

·        Growth severely stunted

·        young leaves at early stage show chlorotic iron deficiency symptoms

·         quickly followed by severe intervenal necrosis and death


12- Copper toxicity

·        Growth severely stunted

·        young leaves show chlorotic iron deficiency symptoms

·        followed by severe intervenal necrosis.


13- Nickel toxicity

·        Growth severely stunted

·         young leaves at early stage show chlorotic iron deficiency symptoms

·         quickly followed by severe necrosis

·        collapse and death

·        older leaves develop orange pigment.


14- Zinc toxicity

·        Growth severely stunted

·        young leaves show chlorotic iron deficiency symptoms

·         followed by severe intervenal necrosis.

 


Combined Mineral Deficiencies

1- Combined potassium and sodium deficiencies  

  • Growth dwarfed
  • leaves dull green
  • and older leaves severe marginal and intervenal brown scorch
  •  older leaves wither and hang down.
  • Scorching generally similar to potassium deficience alone
  •  but develops earlier and the effects are more severe


2- Manganese and boron deficiency

·        Manganese deficiency shown by speckled condition of leaves ("Speckled Yellows")

·        and boron deficiency by "Crown rot".


3- Boron And Manganese Deficiency  

  • Heart Rot (boron deficiency)
  •  and Intervenal Chlorosis (manganese deficiency).
  • Boron deficiency shown by "Crown Rot"
  • manganese deficiency by speckled condition of leaves ("Speckled Yellows").

 

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